The committee also accused the former president of three other federal crimes, including conspiracy to defraud the United States. Five Trump allies were referred as well.
Party leaders have begun to equivocate about whether they would seek to impeach President Biden if they won a House majority, but pressure is building from those who have vowed to do so.
The decision by the four Republicans, including Representative Kevin McCarthy, the minority leader, had broad implications for the inquiry and for congressional powers.