The defectors broke with their party to block a Pentagon spending bill from being debated in the House. Their stances reflect deep G.O.P. divisions pushing the government toward a shutdown.
Democrats said they could not support the measure after the House adopted a raft of social policy provisions, including limits on abortions, gender transition procedures and diversity training.
Lawmakers in both parties fear that the rebellion by the extreme right could endanger spending bills and other big legislative initiatives if it persists, shaping the speakership in the most difficult of ways.
Members of the ultraconservative Freedom Caucus effectively shut down the House floor for several hours, calling the speaker’s fiscal compromise with President Biden a betrayal.