The attack — which killed at least two people, wounded many others and caused heavy damage — came as Moscow has intensified air assaults in recent days.
President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia says his country will continue targeting Ukrainian cities in retaliation for a deadly attack on the city of Belgorod on Saturday.
Moscow said that it had struck Kharkiv with missiles in retaliation for what it said was a deadly Ukrainian air assault on the Russian city of Belgorod.