The moves by the Commerce Department against the Europe-based firms are the latest effort to rein in a spyware industry that has spiraled out of control in recent years.
The Biden administration is exploring whether it can mount a campaign against Chinese tech giants like Alibaba and Huawei, potentially fueling tensions with Beijing.
Xi Jinping and nationalistic Chinese see recent U.S. actions as an effort to contain another superpower rather than compete with it — and they’re pushing back.